stages of labour
Stages of Labour — From Early Contractions to the Placenta
Labour is commonly described as cervical dilation, the birth of the baby, and delivery of the placenta. Each stage varies widely, especially between first and later births.
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First stage: the cervix opens
Early labour may be stop-start. Established labour generally brings stronger regular contractions and progressive cervical change.
Second stage: your baby is born
Once the cervix is fully open, your baby moves down and pushing may begin. Positions, sensation and timing vary, especially with an epidural.
Third stage: the placenta
After the baby is born, the uterus contracts again and the placenta is delivered. Your team monitors bleeding and your recovery.
Ask about your own progress
Your team can explain what they are observing, whether mother and baby are well, and what choices are available if progress slows.
Common questions
How long does labour take?
There is a wide normal range. First labours are often longer, but averages cannot predict one person’s experience.
Sources & editorial process
Written by the Elara editorial team from the sources above. This page has not been reviewed by an independent clinician. Read how we write and update health pages. Last updated .
Medical disclaimer: this page is general education, not medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. If you are worried about yourself or your baby, contact your midwife, doctor or maternity unit straight away. In an emergency call your local emergency number.